Diseño de estrategia de intervención educativa sobre obesidad como factor de riesgo en pacientes con hipertensión arterial. Santa Rosa, Riobamba, Enero a junio 2016.

Abstract

The investigation, design of strategies of educational investigation about obesity as a risk factor in arterial hypertension patients of the family medical office of Santa Rosa, January - June 2016, in Riobamba canton. A transversal descriptive - correlational study was performed on patients with arterial hypertension of the family medical office of Santa Rosa. We designed an educational intervention strategy about obesity as a risk factor in arterial hypertension. In order to obtain the data a questionnaire was created using the program Word 2010 which included questions focused on characterizing the population and determining the knowledge of obesity as a risk factor in arterial hypertension. The universe of 46 people with arterial hypertension was interviewed. The obtained data were included in a database created with Excel 2010. The Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17 was used to tabulate said data. The Chi Square statistic graph (χ²) and Fisher were used with a significance level of p = <0.05. It was determined that 69,6 % of the studied patients were feminine (n= 32). The 60 to 69 years old age group predominated with 41,3 % (n = 19), 80,4 % of which were married (n = 37), and 45,7% were high school graduates (n = 21). Meanwhile, in the clinical variables 45,7 % (n = 21) between the ages 6 and 10 were diagnosed with arterial hypertension and 47,8 % (n = 22) were overweight showing a body mass index higher than 25 and less than 30. A unsatisfactory level of general knowledge about obesity as a risk factor in arterial hypertension predominated with 67,4 % (n = 31). A statistically significant relationship was found between an unsatisfactory level of general knowledge about obesity and the level of education (p = 0,01). It has been concluded that the level of knowledge about obesity as a risk factor in patients with arterial hypertension is not satisfactory, Due to this, it is recommended that the authorities of the health sub center of Santa Rosa apply the strategy of educational intervention designed for the improvement of said health sub center.