Diseño de estrategia de intervención educativa sobre prácticas alimentarias adecuadas en la prevención de anemia en niños de 1 a 4 años. Laime San Carlos, Guamote. Enero a junio 2016.

Abstract

The present research aimed to design a strategy of educational intervention on adequate dietary practices in the prevention of anemia in children aged 1 to 4 years. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the universe of 51 children aged 1 to 4 years of the Laime San Carlos community. Mothers were interviewed with questionnaire validated by experts. We used the statistical program SPSS, with Chi-square test and Fisher for the relation, considering a value of significance p <0.05. Of the children studied, the predominant age group was 24 to 35 months with 29.4%, male 56.9%, with no concomitant disease 68.6%. The mothers were 19 to 29 years old in 47.1%, with a primary instruction 60.7% and female workers 60.7%. A 64.7% of the children belonged to the nuclear family with 64.7% and the family size, large 51.0%. The Children’s Center of Buen Vivir (CIBV) was the most frequent lunch place with 58.8%. The prevalence of anemia was 64.7%, greater in children with 65.5% and in the group of 24 to 35 months with 25.5%. Inadequate feeding practices were observed in 94.1% of the children. There was a significant relationship between anemia with: age of the child p=0.001, concomitant disease p=0.033, place of lunch p=0.033 and feeding practices p=0.039. It is conclude that the prevalence of anemia in children from 1 to 4 years old is high. The results demonstrate the relevance of the educational intervention strategy and its implementation is recommended to prevent anemia in this age group.