Diseño de un biodigestor para la obtención de biogas a partir de las excretas de las gallinas provenientes de la Granja Avícola “Bilbao” en la parroquia Cotaló – Pelileo.

Abstract

The present research designed a biodigestor to produce biogas and compost (biol) from excreta of hens in the poultry farm Bilbao, located in the Parroquia Pelileo; Cotaló Country, Tungurahua provinces through a quantification technique. It carried out in order a sampling of the poultry manure generated in the sheds of the farm and the collection used a bag “Ziploc” type, mask and gloves. For its sizing, a prototype was done to scale, which allows measuring parameters such as: temperature within the biodigestor, the volume of biogas produced and the retention time obtained was 45 days; after this time, it determined the presence of biogas (CH4) obtaining an blue flame. In the construction of the scale model used the following materials: a 20-litre plastic tank and gas hose. The bioreactor Chinese type was selected to be applied in the poultry farm Bilbao; in the sizing process used a safety factor of 5% - 10% depending the chambers, the retention time obtained was 45 days and the calculations showed the following results: Total volume of biodigestor 41.24m³, Biodigestor Height: 4.22m, Biodigestor diameter 3.8m; Final diameter 4m, the upper dome height 0.75m, the height of the lower dome 0.48m, exit and feed chambers of the biodigestor 0.8m per side and depth, and daily gas production is approximately 25.78m³. with this digester design and its subsequent construction tries to reduce the impacts that the poultry manure on the farm produces, mainly the generations of vectors that can affect farm workers and the general population. It recommends to implement the projects as an alternative for the current management given to the poultry manure in order to take better advantages; due to it will benefit to staff, community and the environment.