Diseño y construcción de los anclajes de asientos de un autobús interprovincial bajo condiciones de impacto frontal y lateral en la Empresa Metálica Pillapa.

Abstract

The design and construction of the seat anchorages of an interprovincial bus under frontal and lateral conditions in the company Metálica Pillapa, was made on the basis of a dynamic analysis by finite elements applying ANSYS software to the original design of the anchors, to verify their resistance in frontal and lateral impact conditions of a bus body section based on UN/ECE regulations nº. 80, 94 and 95, at the speeds established by regulations: 90 km/h, which is the maximum speed to which these types of vehicles can operate, according to current Ecuadorian regulations established by the ANT (National Transit Agency). The results obtained demonstrated that at the maximum speed of 90 km/h the seat anchors are not resistant. Thus, a redesign of the seat anchors with CAD software was carried out and the resulting prototype was subjected to the analyzes and conditions mentioned above, using structural steel as the base material. Satisfactory results were obtained that guarantee the fulfillment of the regulation nº. 80 and thus allowed for the construction of the anchor prototype. The redesign anchors were submitted to the proposed tests and withstood the impact conditions previously established, and the resistance of the anchors was also verified, conditions necessary for the proposed seat model to be accepted. It is recommended that geometry be modeled correctly to subsequently have no mesh problems in the mathematical model and therefore obtain reliable and consistent results to ensure the safety of bus occupants.