Evaluación en el laboratorio de la sensibilidad de spirogyra spp. como bioindicador de plaguicidas organofosforados.

Abstract

The objetive was to evaluate the sensitivity of Spirogyra spp. as a bioindicator of the presence of organophosphorus pesticides. For that, there organophosphorus pesticides were used at different concentrations (low, recomended and high). The Spirogyra biomass crops reproduced in PVC tanks with a volume of 10 L. Nutritional factors were taken into account by the addition of essential nutrients such as P, N and K at a concentration of 0,1 % for all crops, except for whites. Likewise, enviromental conditions similar to those of the collection área of the samples were considered as light, an important factor for their growth. The average temperature of the crops during the experimentation was 17,7 C. The average pH value of the water was 8,21; these values being within the optimal ranges of algae growth. The behavior of the algae was evaluated through daily and direct observation, compared to the different doses of pesticides; evidencing that the tolerance of Spirogyra spp. is directly related to the exposure time and the experimental concentrations, observing color changes, changes in its cohesion and agglutination among other changes. In addition, the bioaccumulation analysis was performer by gas chromatography with NPD it determined that Spirogyra spp. bioaccumulate 3848,19 mg/Kg of pesticide Curacron and 0,0444 mg/Kg of pesticide Malathion in its biomass. It is concluded that Spirogyra spp. is a powerful bioindicator of the presence of organophosphorus pesticides and also has bioaccumulating properties. It is recommended for future research to carry out the present assessment using other pesticides, thus increasing the environmental benefits of this algae, as well as the application of algae as a bioindicator of water pollution.