Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana del extracto etanólico obtenido de Ganoderma Lucidum frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus y Proteus mirabilis.

Abstract

The present investigation aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity in extracts of the fungus Ganoderma lucidum and qualifying the presence of triterpenes responsible for such an activity on bacteria ATCC of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. In the study two extracts were involved: aqueous and ethanolic, using diffusion disks moisted with solutions at 50%, 75% and 100%. Antibiograms were carried out in Agar Infusion Brain Heart and Agar Mueller Hinton. This activity was compared to the standard antibiotics: penicillin G 10μg, erytromicin 15μg, streptomycin 300μg, tetracycline 30μg, trimethoprim/sulfametoxazol 1.5/23.75μg; and as solvents absolute ethanol and sterile stilled water. The antimicrobial activity was determined through the inhibition halos (mm) and the presence of triterpenes was qualified through the phytochemical sieving. The antibiotic with the highest antimicrobial effect for Escherichia coli ATCC9637 is the streptomycin 300μg (34,5mm); for Proteus mirabilis ATCC25933, the streptomycin 300μg (28.1mm), penicillin G 10μg (21,93mm) and for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 the trimethoprim/sulfametoxazol 1.5/23.75μg (28,53mm) in Agar Mueller Hinton. The ethanolic extract of Ganoderma lucidum presented a higher antimicrobial activity than the aqueous extract. The concentrations with the highest antimicrobial effect for Escherichia coli ATCC9637 were with the ethanolic extract 50% (16,76 mm); for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923 absolute ethanol (9,95mm) and for Proteus mirabilis ATCC25933 ethanolic extract 50% (15,15mm) and aqueous extract 100% (7,43mm); such halos do not reach the mean of the commercial ones. It is recommended to fracture and identify the triterpenic compound of the extracts of the Ganoderma lucidum.