Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento para las aguas residuales provenientes del Laboratorio de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo.

Abstract

A treatment system for wastewater was designed from the Organic Chemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of the Polytechnic Higher School of Chimborazo. For this, the characterization of different wastewater samples was carried out and it was determined that the parameters that did not comply with the standard of the Secondary Legislation of the Environment (TULSMA), Book VI, Annex 1, concerning standards of Water Resources: Table 9: limits for discharges to the public sewage system were: free chlorine, sulfides, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (DBO5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (DQO), Sulfates and Surfactants. Treatability tests were carried out using lime to adjust the pH and aluminum polychloride as a coagulant, with the optimum doses obtained being 500 ppm of lime and 1 000 ppm of polyvinyl chloride with which the physicochemical parameters of residual water are reduced to levels allowed by the corresponding standard. The percentages of removal obtained when applying this treatment were: 80% free chlorine removal, 90% sulfur removal, 60.99% removal DBO5, 51.71% removal DQO, 71.14% removal of sulfates and 57.67% removal of surfactants. It is concluded that the treatment system to be implemented will consist of the following stages: Storage and agitation, sedimentation and filtration. It is recommended to apply the design proposal of the treatment system for wastewater from the Organic Chemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences; so that, the discharge of its wastewater to the sewerage system is within the limits allowed.