Degradación del brodifacoum en suelos mediante el uso del hongo Pleurotus ostreatus.

Abstract

This research purpose was to determine the degradation capacity of rodenticide brodifacoum (3- (3- (4'-bromobiphenyl-4-il)-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin) using Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). After the activation, inoculation and overcrowding of strains, the mushroom germinated was grown in wheat grains under controlled laboratory conditions, mixing the germinated substrate with the mushroom in the soil, at a percentage soil/substrate of 90:10. The treatment with mushroom took 45 days at a temperature of 25 °C and a relative humidity of 70%. An analysis of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a mobile phase of methanol / water / acetic acid in a relation of 792: 200: 8 respectively, at a wavelength of 283 nm and 0.01 aufs, was found that in the experimental groups (CP1, CP2 and CP3) where the oyster mushroom was grown, the contaminant was degraded in 95.27%, 96.04% and 97.37%, respectively. The T-student statistical test concluded that there was no significant difference between the experimental groups CP1, CP2 and CP3, but there was a significant difference between the treatments, since the treatment of oyster mushrooms (CP) on average degraded 96.23% being 6.35 times more effective than the degradation of the experimental group (SP) that degraded 15.16%. It is recommended to carry out the bioaccumulation analysis of brodifacoum in oyster mushrooms and to perform a comparative analysis of the degradation of the contaminant with other fungi.