Obtención de bioabono a partir de lodo residual procedente de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales domésticas.

Abstract

The present investigation aims to get a bio fertilizer coming from the residual mud of a Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP) in Ambato canton. This mud was analyzed by a physicalchemical

and microbiological analysis in order to establish a test through earthworm reproduction. Four tests with residual mud, earthworm Californian (Eisenia foetida) and organic matter in different amounts were carried out in the beds per each treatment. The evaluations of the process were evaluated after 90 days (initial), 180 days (intermediate) and 25 days (final) determining the physic-chemical characteristics such as: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), humidity, organic matter (OM), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), relationship between Carbon: Nitrogen (RC:N) and microbiological characteristics such as fecal coliforms (FC), Salmonella and Helminths. During evaluation, the treatment 4 (T4) (30 mud: 70 OM) showed the best results compared to microbiological and nutritional quality. The values are according to the norms established in the Real Decree 506/2013 and the Environmental Protection Agency with a pH of 6.98, OM 7.4 %, EC 3.50 mS/cm, humidity 61.29 %, N 0.39 %, K 0.38 %, Ca 1.96 %, RC:N 1.9, and NOM-004-SEMANART-2002. Regarding to FC 3x10 xvii

6 UFC/g, Salmonella 2x10 5 UFC/g and Nematodes 17 Nematodes/g were gotten. We concluded that T4 is the best bio fertilizer since it contains substrate C according to values established in the norm mentioned above. It can be used with forest purposes. Consequently, it can be used as a nutrient and a microbial charge. We recommended to carry out a tyndallization process to eliminate spores and bacteria without modifying the mud composition.