Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento biológico complementario para lixiviados provenientes del Botadero “Curgua”, cantón Guaranda.

Abstract

This research work aims to design a complementary biological treatment system for leachates from the dump "Curgua", Guaranda canton, in order to mitigate the pollution problems generated due to discharges into the Guaranda River. The complementary design was carried out in three phases: the first consisted of the capacity and characterization of leachates during November and December 2016 and January 2017, collected from the drainage system of Curgua´s dump and transferred to the laboratory of the Public Company – Empresa Municipal de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado, (Municipal Water and Sewerage Enterprise) - Guaranda (EP-EMAPAG-G) for its respective analysis, obtaining that for parameters such as color, turbidity, total suspended solids, total nitrogen, fluorides, cyanide, BOD5, COD, total coliforms and fecal coliforms , present values above the maximum permissible limits 917.00 UTC; 634.87 NTU; 160.90mg / L; 63.16mg / L; 14,15mg / L; 0.48mg / L; 891.14mg / L; 1487.50mg / L; 6552.80 NMP/100mL and 3320.00 NMP/100mL respectively. In the second stage, the simulation of the laboratory-scale processes was carried out. Later, in the third part, the SBR biological reactor was sized, considering a design flow rate of 0.95/ Ls and a biodegradability index of 0.6. Additionally, the dimensioning of complementary unit operations such as; Sand dealers, sedimentation, filters and a disinfection tank that would allow to reduce according to the laboratory tests the out-of-standard parameters by approximately 95%. Finally, it can be shown that the proposed system is the one indicated in the leachate purification. It is recommended to implement the biological treatment plant for leachates in order to mitigate the environmental impact produced.