Identificación, evaluación y control de los riesgos e implementación de un programa de señalización en el área de laboratorio clínico del Centro de Salud ESPOCH-Lizarzaburu Tipo C de la Ciudad de Riobamba.

Abstract

This research is about the analysis of risks in the clinical laboratory area of the Health Center Espoch Lizarzaburu Type “C” (CSELC) which had as objective identify, evaluate, and control the risks and implement a signaling program in the clinical laboratory area, this analysis was carried out under the Spanish Methodology of the National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety (INSHT), as methodology tool was initially applied the matrix of risks by process, which served as a filter to identify the risks that affected significantly in the laboratory, resulting in biological risks a significant and moderate level of risk, which must be addressed through mitigation or reduction actions for a better quality of work and safety in the laboratory. The risk assessment was carried out using the INSHT database denominated Biodat, in which is provided a list of biological agents to which are exposed the clinical diagnosis laboratory workers, in this way it was detected that the agents with the highest level of biological risk to which are exposed the CSELC laboratory workers are: VIH an tuberculosis (TB), belonging to a level of risk 3. Based on the risk level of the biological agent it was proposed biosafety measures and contention levels for the laboratory. The Technical Guide was specially applied for the evaluation and prevention of the risks related to the exposure to biological agents (GTRB), with all of its real decrees (RD) relevant to the proper fulfillment of the GTRB, in addition to the Biosafety Manual in the Laboratory of the World Health Organization (MBS-OMS), and the Ecuadorian Technical Standard INEN NTE-INEN-ISO 3864-1:2013 for the implementation of signaling. In this way, it was established adequate control and prevention for their subsequent compliance in order to raise the level of biosafety and containment measures in the CSELC clinical laboratory.