Evaluación de tres soluciones nutritivas en hidroponía en el cultivo de lechuga (Lactuca sativa l.) Var. Crispa, en invernadero, Departamento de Horticultura, cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The present research proposes to evaluate three nutritious solutions in hydroponics in lettuce crop (Lactuca sativa L.) var. Crispa, in the greenhouse, Department of Horticulture, Riobamba canton, Chimborazo province. It was used a block design completely at random (BDCR), with 3 doses and 3 repetitions. Some parameters were evaluated such as: yield, root length, height of the plant, number of leaves, days to harvest, yield per net parcel and per hectare of each nutrient solution, in addition the economic analysis was carried out with the benefit-cost ratio. The best results in terms of root length, height of the plants and number of leaves were obtained with the 33.3% nutrient solution which is composed of N: 36, P: 12, K: 54.4, Ca: 70.2, Mg 4.62 , S: 6, Cu: 0.18, Fe: 0.24, Mn: 0.18, Zn: 0.18, B: 0.18 kg/ha, while the dose of 66.6% N: 72, P: 18, K: 47.64, Ca: 70.2, Mg 9.24, S: 12, Cu:0.36, Fe: 0.48, Mn: 0.36, Zn: 0.36, B: 0.36 kg/ha and the dose of 100% N:180, P: 24, K: 89.4, Ca: 89.76, Mg:13.85, S: 18, Cu: 0.54, Fe: 0.72, Mn: 0.54, Zn: 0.54, B: 0.54, kg/ha, the results were lower. The value of kg/ha in the calcium element is equal in the dose of 33.3 and 66.6% because in the water there was a considerable amount of this element. The best performance had the dose of 33.3% with 13769.43 kg/ha, at the same time was the least expensive with 267 061.65 USD amortized for 10 years of the useful life of the structure and taking into account the production per year gives to 9811.08 USD but at the same the time it presented the best profitability with 230%, and with a cost benefit (B/C) of 3.30. It is recommended the use of the dose that comprises the low level which one allowed to obtain the highest yield.

Keywords: NUTRITIVE SOLUTION - HYDROPONICS - GREENHOUSE CROPS.