Determinación del antígeno prostático específico (PSA) y su correlación con los factores de riesgo en trabajadores politécnicos mayores a 50 años para prevención de cáncer prostático.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine risk factors associated with the prostate specific antigen (PSA) in employees, aged 50 and over at Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH) to prevent prostate cancer. A survey was conducted on 82 employees to determine age, prostate cancer knowledge, and lifestyle. Anthropometric factors were measured, and blood samples were obtained by means of venipuncture; they were sent very carefully to the Clinical Laboratory of Science Department at ESPOCH. Enzyme-linked inmunosorbent assay (ELISA), which is a type of capture called a sandwich, was used to obtain serum PSA levels. Having obtained the PSA levels and tabulated survey data, the statistical analysis was performed using univariate analysis of variance to associate the risk factors with the probability of undergoing prostate cancer. The results showed that 5% of employees have elevated levels of total PSA and 50% of them have free PSA. Besides, it was determined that age is a risk factor for prostate cancer. Employees aged ˃ 70 are likely to undergo prostate cancer, and employees aged < 59 are less likely to develop prostate cancer. It was also determined that smoking is a risk factor. Smokers are more susceptible to prostate cancer than non-smokers and people who quit smoking. We recommend to offer workshops about prostate cancer so that people can be aware of diagnosis and prevention and to encourage people to have a total and free PSA test done for precaution.