Diseño de un proceso industrial para la obtención de un plaguicida orgánico a partir de la saponina de Quinua (Chenopodium quinoa) en COPROBICH.

Abstract

This degree research was aimed at designing an industrial process for obtaining an organic pesticide from the saponin of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) for the company COPROBICH. In order to perform the design of the process of obtaining of the pesticide a bibliographic review was made of the most effective methods for obtaining the saponin, which is the active principle of the pesticide, and several evidence to conclude that method is the most efficient, therefore to be done with the raw (example) dry were obtained higher performance of saponin, with regard to the obtaining of the same without the drying operation. After obtaining the saponin was the formulation of the pesticide and validated it by applying the test of the median lethal dose with the death of 50% of animals tested. With the data retrieved was the industrial design of the teams involved in the process of obtaining of the pesticide, among them are the operation of dry, macerated, filtered, distilled and homogenized. Variables that should be monitored include the drying temperature of the mojuelo, the time of maceration at room temperature and the temperature of distillation to separate the saponin of the solution in ethanol. It is recommended that the operation of solid - liquid extraction does not exceed 96 hours established since it can exist a saturation in the mix and affect the performance in the process of extraction of saponin.