Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de lixiviados provenientes de la celda emergente del botadero de basura del Cantón Mocha, Provincia de Tungurahua.

Abstract

The objective was to design a leachate treatment plant for the emerging cell of the garbage dump of the Mocha Canton, Tungurahua Province. To develop it, initial characterizations of the leachate were made in triplicate to identify the parameters that are outside the limit according to the Standard that governs the TULSMA, Book VI, Annex 1, Table 9. It is out of the limit: COD, BOD5, Nitrogen Ammonia, Total Nitrogen, Lead, Total Iron, Manganese, Oils and Fats, Total Suspended Solids, Total Solids, Real Color. To determine the most suitable treatment, the biodegradability index DBO5 / COD was calculated. The obtained result was 0.57, that allows the selection of a physical-chemical or biological treatment. The first one was chosen. For that, treatability tests were carried out using 300 ppm of Aluminum Polychloride followed by double filtration with layers of coarse gravel, fine gravel, zeolite, activated carbon and sand. The following results at the end of the treatment were reached: COD 156 mg / l, BOD5 71 mg / l, Ammonia Nitrogen 12, 5mg / L, Total Nitrogen 29.62 mg / L, Lead 0.13 mg / L, Total Iron 1mg / L, Manganese 0.02 mg / L, Oils and Fats 4.5 mg / L, Total Suspended Solids 6 mg / l, Total Solids 1000 mg / l, Real color negligible in 1/20 dilution, 95.70% color removal, 95.22% turbidity removal. The results comply with the provisions of current regulations. Once the design variables have been identified, the leachate treatment plant has a rectangular channel, grids, sand trap, agitator tank, circular settler and two granular filters.