Evaluación de cinco controles alternativos para el manejo de barrenadores del chocho (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) en la parroquia Palmira, cantón Guamote, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

This present research proposes: to evaluate five alternative controls for the management of dipteros weevils (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) in the Palmira Parish, Guamote Canton, Chimborazo Province; A randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and three replicates was employed: two botanical extracts, one chemical insecticide (chlorpyrifos), one Neem organic insecticide (Nimbiol), one monochrome trap and one absolute witness. The blocking factor was the sites where the trials were established. In each experimental unit there were 100 planting points with three seeds per stroke. For the evaluation, at each sampling 3 plants were randomly taken from each experimental unit. 5 applications were performed at 10, 35, 50, 70 and 120 days after emergence, conducting samplings for destructive analysis 3 days after each application. The efficiency of the treatments was determined by the number of larvae, pupae and adults of the diptera borer of the registered apex, no significant differences were present in the five samplings performed, except in the fourth sampling in larvae and in the fifth pupal sampling where the chemical treatment turned out to be the best in both cases. The harvest was performed at 8 months, chemical treatment and statistically monochromatic traps were similar in performance with 2240kg/ha and 1820kg/ha. Within the enthomofauna associated with the cultivation could be found 6 orders of insects as well as families within which could be found parasitic insects and predators, so also found a pest of relevance in the cultivation of the area of Palmira belonging to the Curculionidae family known as the boll weevil (root and stem borer). It is recommended to remove crop residues from the crop, to avoid the proliferation of pests.

KEYWORDS: <DRILLING TOOLS >, <ENTHOMOFAUNA>, <PEST CONTROL >, <CURCULIONIDAE>