Prevalencia de enterocolitis necrotizante en neonatos, Hospital General Latacunga período 2018

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to identify the Prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in newborns admitted to the Neonatology area. The research project was carried out in the “Hospital General Latacunga” from January 1 to December 31, 2018, the research is retrospective, descriptive. The universe was 467 newborns hospitalized in the Neonatology area. The sample is of 58 patients diagnosed with Necrotizing Enterocolitis; of which predisposing risk factors for this disease, complications, diagnostic methods and treatment used were evaluated. The 12.42% of admitted infants were diagnosed with Necrotizing Enterocolitis, as maternal risk factor that influenced is the age of mothers over 38 years (37.93%), with a primary level of education (44.83%); as a neonatal risk factor, respiratory distress (53.45%) was identified, as well as the initiation of feeding greater than two days (60.34%), as well as umbilical catheter placement (53.45%). The gestational age was associated (70.59%), premature and masculine (63.79%), weight less than 1000 g (43, 10%), and low Apgar (67.24%). Finally, the identified patients developed Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Bell I stage (63.79%), these were diagnosed by means of imaging tests (39.66%), they received medical treatment (100%), as a complication it is shown that the Malnutrition obtained an important figure (58.93%). The survival of the patients studied was (72.41%). In Necrotizing Enterocolitis should be alert with both maternal and neonatal risk factors, and predisposing factors that lead to developing complications in this pathology. Maintain exclusive breastfeeding as a protective factor for this disease.