Determinación de dosis efectiva comprometida del personal ocupacionalmente expuesto debido a la incorporación de I-131 en la Unidad de Medicina Nuclear mediante el desarrollo de una herramienta computacional.

Abstract

The present degree work has as aim to determine the committed effective dose of the staff occupationally exposed due to the incorporation by inhalation of I-131 in the nuclear medicine unit through the development of a computational tool, by the way of an analysis of the biokinetic model of the respiratory tract, to locate areas of greater uptake by the type of radioactive material handled, preceding to the implementation of the in vivo dosimetric method established by the International Commission for Radiological Protection (ICRP), it is performed the quality control of the gammacamera in the energy efficiency test, establishing distance parameters between source-collimator and acquisition time; homewer, for the calculation of minimum detectable activity (MDA), a neck phantom is used that contains a point source of Ba-133 with certified and corrected activity to the date of August 29, 2019 of: 2 706. 62 Bq of the Dosimetry department of the Secretary of Control and Nuclear Applications, subsequently, the dosimetric method is applied by placing the gammacamera to the ocupationally staff exposed in supine position to obtain values in counts per second that are necessary to estimate the effective dose committed, together, it is developed the computational tool, which has the methodology provided by the ICRP, in addition to having the proposal for the evaluation of the effective dose committed in in vitro samples such as: urine. The obtained results show that the gammacamera has a MDA of 1Bq and the collimators used with an error of 5% among them, therefore, it is suitable to acquire incorporated activity in counts per second. It is recommended for the correct use of in vitro dosimetry implemented in the Computational Tool, the certification of a point source in milliliters (ml) and its handling in cases of radiological emergency considering a margin of error.