Síntesis de grafeno a partir de grafito mediante un acelerador de electrones con dosis de 50 y 100 kGy

Abstract

The aim of this research is to carry out a method of liquid phase synthesis of graphene using an electron accelerator, which allows breaking the Vander Waals forces present in the graphite. Different variables and their influence on the sample were taken into account, such as the solvents present in the sample (water, etanol and Dimethyl-formamide) with different boiling points, different dispersive coefficient, the time, liquefaction speed of suspensions and the amount of energy emitted (absorbed dose) by an electron accelerator, keeping a constant volumen of 10ml. By means of ultraviolet, infrared (IR) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) spectroscopy techniques, it was determined whether graphene was indeed synthesized. For the experimental design a solute-solvent relationship was designed, which were subjected to three liquefaction times (2, 5, and 7 hours) and three different liquefaction speeds (50%, 75%, and 100%). Subsequently, the samples were subjected to fifferent radiation doses (50 and 100 kGy (kilo Grays) respectively, and were consequently centrifuged for 10 minutes at an angular speed of 1000rpm (revolutions per minute). To verify the results obtained, the characteristic peak around 264 and 267nm (nanometers) corresponding to the transition π-π* characteristics of graphene was analyzed by means of UV (ultraviolet) spectroscopy. The infrared aspect of the samples in etanol and dimethyl-formamide (DMF) revealed the presence of amine, carboline, hydroxyl and cyclic groups of organic compounds, while the samples in water only exposed of amine, carbonyl and hidroxyl groups. Morphology was determined by means of SEM, in which transparent laminates with irregular edges and smooth surfaces can be observed. With the data obtained, an alternative is proposed for their efficient, fast and simple manufacture, allowing the production of graphene on an industrial scale and at a lower cost.