Salud integral del adulto mayor, internado en el Hospital General Docente Ambato, 2020

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the integral health of older adult admitted at Hospital General Docente Ambato. A non-experimental cross-sectional research design was carried out in a sample of 100 participants aged 60-100 years by means of a survey. The Rapid Geriatric Assessment (RGA) tool introduced by Morley, J; Little, M and Weger, M, was applied in this study supplementing the information with data obtained from medical records. The statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis through Excel and JMP 15. In the results obtained, it was found that 53% of older adults belong to the urban sector who work agriculture, 9% in most cases, do not work and 91% live with their families. When frailty was evaluated in older adults, 41% had pre-frailty meanwhile 59% frailty. As for the sarcopenia evaluation, 46% had sarcopenia. On the other hand, in the nutritional assessment 53% presented significant risk of weight loss. Finally, in the cognitive assessment, 57% presented a serious defect while 11% had a mild cognitive defect. It is concluded that the integral health assessment in older adults is the best instrument for quality care both in the hospital setting and in primary care. For best results, it is necessary to use assessment scales in which it might facilitate the detection of problems on time. It is recommended to establish gerontological care teams for the integral attention of the older adults that guarantees a complete evaluation where nutritional assessment can be included with control and nursing and in the same teams, educational techniques aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles can be developed.