Generación de un protocolo de valoración biomecánica para la evaluación de aptitud de trabajadores expuestos a manipulación de cargas

Abstract

The objective of this degree study was to elaborate a biomechanical assessment protocol for the evaluation of the aptitude of workers who were exposed to the handling of loads. It was developed through a literature review of the most common types of feet, which are: a flat foot, normal foot and pes cavus to verify the body balance in each foot, with referential values for the handling of loads and postures performed through the validation of the technical criteria, which gave a tolerance in the body weight imbalance of ±6%, furthermore the hip extension factor was determined, which oscillates around a maximum amplitude of 60 degrees considered within the normal permissible limits for the lifting exercise to be adequate, through the validation of the technical criteria of the functional muscle tests of Daniels. Afterwards, functionality tests were tested through the application of the ISEN 3D movement analysis software and the ECOFOOT+ software, obtaining as a result after the evaluation with 10 exercises that the individuals performed for the lifting of loads and their manipulation, with weights from 0 Kg to 25kg in order to know the inclination angles, which should not exceed the recommended range of motion values such as pelvis inclination of 20°-65°, pelvis flexion-extension with an allowed value to develop the load carrying movement of 80°, hip flexion-extension of up to 160°, pelvis flexion-extension to back of up to 35°. Concluding that the main movement implemented is pelvis-to-back flexionextension with a flexion range of 80° and extension of 0°-30°. Therefore, it is recommended to consider the pathologies of an individual's plantar footprint when lifting a weight.