Diseño de un proceso de obtención de pintura acrílica con efecto impermeabilizante a partir de poliestireno expandido

Abstract

The use of expanded polystyrene in single-use products causes a large amount of waste and pollution, which is aggravated by the lack of treatment and reuse. In the present project, the design of a process to obtain acrylic paint with waterproofing effect from expanded polystyrene was carried out. For this design, the characterization of the raw material, which was expanded polystyrene based on the ASTM D6817:2018 standard, was performed, in addition, the process was validated using the parameters established in the NTC 1335:2015 standard. A small-scale experimentation was conducted in the laboratory to determine the variables that influence the process, these are: the rotation speed for crushing the polystyrene of 150 RPM, the particle size of 1cm, the concentration of the expanded polystyrene solution in the solvent of 29%, the ratio between the polystyrene solution in solvent with the sealant of 4:6, the mixing time is 5 minutes, and the speed of the mixing is 300 RPM. On the other hand, the formulation was defined to obtain 25 L of acrylic paint from 3. 56 kg of expanded polystyrene, in this way the adequate data were obtained for the dimensioning of the necessary equipment, which was based on the formulas deduced from the bibliographic compilation of the standard proportions for the design of a mixing system and the cylindrical geometry, obtaining two conical base tanks for the dosing of additives, one of 16 L for the sealant, and one of 11 L for the thinner, a tank for the size reduction of the expanded polystyrene of 142 L, and a mixing tank of 25 L to produce the acrylic paint.