Diseño agronómico de un Sistema de riego parcelario para el Proyecto Chambo-Guano, Fase II, para la comunidad Chingazos, Módulo 9, cantón Guano.

Abstract

The agronomic design study in Module 9, a community of Chingazo Bajo, is located in zone 17 S: X: 768530.60 Y: 9820319.72. With 39.11 ha under irrigation, benefiting 48 families. A high, medium, and low zone with sandy loam soils was defined for the sampling, where the design, production alternatives, irrigation method, selection of emitters, and the socio-agricultural-financial study were defined. The crop pattern was established by: maize, lemon, strawberry, prickly pear, and alfalfa, with a field capacity (CC) and permanent wilting point (PMP) of 11.66 and 6.93%, bulk density of 1.44 (g cm-3), usable water sheet of 37 mm, net water sheet of 18. 13 mm, irrigation efficiency of 85%, giving a gross lamina of 21.33 mm, infiltration rate of 187.73 mm h-1, the water requirement of 3.83 mm day-1, with a notional continuous flow rate of 0.37 L s-1 ha-1. The emitter selected a mini wobbler of 6 x 6 m, consumption of 0.07 L s-1, pressures between 10 and 17 m.c.a., 3-hour operation with 7-day intervals. The hydraulic design was plotted with average velocities between 0.6 and 3 m s-1 and head losses based on the Hazem-Williams equation. Pipe diameters and thicknesses were a function of flow rates, pressures, and velocities. It is concluded that the profit per family was US$ 1,918 per year, compared to US$ 489 without the project, and positive profitability was demonstrated with the NPV, IRR, B/C, and PRI indicators, with a total investment in the plot system of US$ 201595.57, per hectare US$ 5154.58. It is recommended to provide training in irrigation technology and to seek strategic alliances to implement the cultivation of avocados (Persea Americana Mill).