Diseño de un plan de producción más limpia para el camal municipal del gobierno autónomo descentralizado del cantón San Pedro de Pelileo

Abstract

The current research was carried out at the Municipal Slaughterhouse of San Pedro de Pelileo county Decentralized Autonomous Government. The aim of this study was to design a Cleaner Production Plan which contributes to permanent improvement of productivity and quality of the services offered by the slaughtering sector in Pelileo city, while contributing to its environmental improvement by minimizing the generation of environmental impacts. Visits to the slaughterhouse were planned in order to identify the processes and delimit the inputs and outputs in order to establish a situational diagnosis of the process. The information collected was used to evaluate the environmental impacts using the assessment matrices proposed by Vicente Conesa Fernandez-Vitora. In addition, the water component was monitored in order to assess the efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the study area. A total of 16 parameters were evaluated in two water samples (raw and treated). The results of the parameters: Total Solids, Ammonia Nitrogen and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) exceeded the permissible limits. On the other hand, it was evidenced that the Evisceration and Bleeding stages have an impact on the quality and consumption of water since they reflected higher values regarding the rest of the components evaluated in the environmental impact identification matrices. In conclusion, P+L strategies were proposed prioritizing people responsible for the process, time and resources and emphasizing recirculation processes and waste usage. This study is mainly directed to generate a tool for the evaluation of the environmental impact in slaughtering centers, since the evaluation of their activities could avoid future sanctions by the environmental regulatory authority. In addition, it will generate higher profits, turning these facilities into some of the most competitive in the current market.