Efecto beauveria bassiana a21 y metarhizium anisopliae a13 sobre rhipicephalus microplus (garrapatas de ganado bovino) en laboratorio y campo

Abstract

In Ecuador, the infestation of cattle by Rhipicephalus microplus ticks is one of the most important health and sanitation problems in the agricultural sector, involving the indiscriminate use of chemical control methods generating environmental pollution problems that cause demage to biotic and abiotic systems endangering the health of farmers and consumers. On the hand it affects the profitability and sustainability of the livestock system; Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the effect of Beauveria bassiana A21 and Metarhizium anisopliae A13 on Rhipicephalus microplus in the laboratory and in the field. The methodology implemented was quantitative, with a randomized experimental desing and the application of the analysis of variance method with the SPSS program, taking into account morbidity percentages in determined periods of time; it was balanced desing with three replicates for each treatment and the response variable was the morbidity of ticks. It was determined that the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana A21 and Metarhizium anisopliae A13 cause negative effects on Rhipicephalus microplus both in the laboratory and in the field, since they are capable of producing toxins that penetrate the soft parts od the insect until is death. Finally, a not very significant difference was identified in the efficiency of the two fungi since both are good biological controllers. It is concluded that the entomopathogenic fungi studied have potential as biological control agents for the controlling the tick infestations in cattle; as the concentration of the bioformulates increases, an increase in the porcentaje of tick morbidity is observed, in addition, in the field phase the bioformulates is still efficient; however, the results are variable due to the field conditions to which the entomopathogenic fungi are exposed.