Evaluación de las emisiones gaseosas del incinerador de la facultad de ciencias operado a partir de mezclas de biocombustible con diésel

Abstract

The incineration process is used in the Faculty of Sciences of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo to eliminate biological waste generated by research and teaching activities, which works with diesel as an energy source, generating gaseous emissions that can harm the environment. Environment and public health if not adequately controlled. This research aimed to evaluate the incinerator's gaseous emissions when using fuel obtained from pyrolysis of polypropylene and polystyrene in mixtures with conventional diesel. For this, biofuel with diesel was used in three different volumetric proportions: T1 (2%), T2 (5%) and T3 (10%). Burns with and without organic matter were carried out using these fuel mixtures. Emissions were determined using the Testo 340 gas analyzer; each monitoring lasted 15 minutes, and concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NO and NOx) were measured—procedure under Technical Standard 001 and AM 097-A as reference frameworks. The results revealed that the CO levels exceeded the permissible limits established by the legislation, oscillating between 163 mg/Nm3 and 171 mg/Nm3. However, according to regulations, the NO and NOx levels remained within acceptable limits. It is essential to highlight that these CO and NOx concentrations were recorded in diesel and biodiesel incineration. In conclusion, using the T3 treatment with organic matter for CO emissions, with a value of 131.00 mg/Nm3, resulted in a lower concentration than when working exclusively with diesel, with a value of 137.35 mg/ Nm3. This indicates that using biodiesel can improve combustion, reducing carbon monoxide emissions.