Diseño y construcción de un biodigestor anaerobio para la producción de biogás y biol a partir de excretas de ganado vacuno y porcino en el centro de investigación Sacha Wiwa

Abstract

This work's objective was to design and construct an anaerobic biodigester to obtain biogas and biol from cattle and pig excreta at the "Sacha Wiwa" Research Center, belonging to the Guasaganda parish in La Maná canton, in the province of Cotopaxi. Initially, an investigation was carried out with bibliographic sources related to the project, after which the baseline was raised and the locality to be implemented was studied, obtaining essential data such as temperature, amount of raw material produced daily, in addition to pre-treatment analysis of the manure in the LABSU-certified laboratory. Once the necessary data was obtained, the calculations and dimensions required for the construction of the biodigester were developed, which were later designed in AutoCAD for better visualization. Following this, the construction and adaptation of the 4000L pig-type BIOtank biodigester were carried out with all the necessary accessories. Finally, the project was implemented during the 25 days of retention time established to carry out the analysis of the biol in the LABSU laboratory, resulting in good values on an excellent quality of biol and the biogas. In addition, its quality was determined using the Combustion of the gas, producing a blue flame which reflects complete Combustion. In this way, the viability of the project and its approval by the "SACHA WIWA" Research Center were demonstrated. As a recommendation, the closure of the immediate area where the biodigester is located and the established time of biol use is established, in addition to performing physical-chemical analysis of the products, to corroborate the effectiveness of the process and their quality.