Estudio del consumo de combustible en flotas de vehículos pesados y diseño de un plan de reducción de emisiones

Abstract

This research aimed to develop a plan to reduce polluting emissions by studying the fuel consumption of a fleet of heavy vehicles to generate better environmental sustainability. The methodology applied was a field investigation with a non-experimental design; the level of research is descriptive. The population under study is the heavy vehicles of the ARCA CONTINENTAL company in the city of Riobamba, with a sample of 14 cars. Scientific observation will be used to collect data, which could be data collected on the measurement of fuel consumption and vehicle emissions. The results show a weekly average diesel fuel consumption of 202.97 liters.Regarding polluting emissions on the road, freight vehicles in the nine weeks of study emit into the environment: CO =0.15 Ton; CO2= 0.532Ton; CH= 〖1.5*10〗^(-5) Ton; CH4= 〖3*10〗^(-7) Ton; NOx= 0.004 Ton; PM= 〖2.44*10〗^(-5) Ton and SOx= 〖2.44*10〗^(-6) Ton. Variables quantified based on the utilization of the 75% load capacity and the maximum permissible emission limits for land mobile sources. In the case of carbon dioxide, it exceeds the established limit established by EURO IV. Therefore, an emissions reduction plan has been carried out by reducing fuel consumption and thus reducing costs where it is possible to achieve savings that range from $8.82 per unit per week after driver training to a maximum of $35.66 per unit per week by improving the way the accelerator is applied while driving.