Evaluación agronómica del cultivo de maíz (Zea mays. l) híbrido dekalb 7088 con la aplicación de distintas dosis de fertilización en la parroquia Tres de Noviembre

Abstract

Technological progress has significantly reduced imports in coastal areas and Amazonia, with maize cultivation being a prominent feature in Orellana province. Proper fertilizer management is essential to optimize yields in this agricultural activity, although the precise determination of right amount represents a challenge, since excess or fertilizer lack can lead to economic and environmental losses. The objective this study was to evaluate the different level impact of NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) fertilizers on maize cultivation in the Prado farm, located in Orellana province. Development and productivity parameters were analyzed when applying different fertilizers (Urea, Triple 15, Potassium Muriate) with different doses of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, including a treatment without fertilizers. Tukey's test with 95% probability was used to analyses the differences between the averages obtained. The results revealed significant growth in the plants that received complete fertilization, reaching a height of 238.92 cm after 60 days. The best performance was achieved with the application of 180 N (nitrogen), 60 P (phosphorus) and 150 K (potassium), obtaining 11100 kg/ha, a benefit/cost ratio of 3.57 and a profitability 158%. A direct relationship was observed between fertilization and plant growth as well as maize production, demonstrating the importance of proper fertilizer management to optimize agricultural and economic yields. In conclusion, this study identified the positive effects of different NPK fertilizer levels on maize cultivation, highlighting the direct influence on plant growth and yield, emphasizing need for accurate and balanced fertilizer management to maximize agricultural and economic results.