Elaboración de un plan de manejo ambiental para el área minera de áridos y pétreos “La Plata” en la cuenca del río Suno, cantón Loreto, provincia de Orellana

Abstract

In Loreto, aggregate and stone mining has been carried out excessively without an adequate methodology to minimize damage to the environment, to avoid deterioration of the quality of natural resources; for this reason, the objective was to develop an Environmental Management Plan in the mining area "La Plata" in the Suno River basin, in Loreto. A mixed methodology was used, with a non- experimental design of transversal type, three phases were established where: in the first phase, the pH of water and soil, the biotic components of flora and fauna (sampling of macroinvertebrates) and the social component were determined, in the second phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted, the environmental impacts were evaluated through a Véster matrix and the importance of the impacts through a modified Leopold-Conesa matrix, finally in the third phase, the Environmental Management Plan was prepared based on the Ministerial Agreement No. MAATE-2022-122. The results obtained showed 83.49% of the area of native forest, 3.09% of the area disturbed, 180 mammals, 36 reptiles, 31 amphibians, 654 birds, and more than 470 fish. In addition, 97 negative impacts were determined, of which four were severe, 40 were moderate and 53 were irrelevant, with only one positive impact, which was the generation of employment. It was concluded that there is a high number of negative impacts, so the Environmental Management Plan should have 9 subplans that will allow for the prevention, mitigation and compensation of the impacts carried out by the activities of the "La Plata" mining company.