Diseño y construcción de un módulo de control automático para la detección de fallas en un arranque estrella-triángulo

Abstract

The design and construction process of the control module began with the identification of the technical and functional requirements necessary to automate the star-delta start, carefully selecting components such as pushbuttons, contactors, timers and a programmable logic module to guarantee the efficiency of the control module process. The methodology adopted covered the design of the power and control circuits, following the guidelines of the IEC 60617 standard, to graphically represent the electrical components. The electrical diagram design software was used for clear visualization and precise documentation. Likewise, 3D design software was used to model the module's structure, optimizing the available space and transportation. The design of the structure considered the selection of materials, such as aluminum and the alucobond frame. It was carried out considering its properties of lightness, resistance, and applicability, disregarding the IP protection degrees due to the academic context of the project. A suitable, dry, and ventilated environment was sought to ensure proper cooling of the components. The micro PLC was programmed using the LOGOSoft Comfort software in the FBD programming language following the IEC 61131-3 standard. Regarding the HMI screen, using an Ethernet communication protocol and graphic programming in the DOPSoft software was necessary. As a result, the final module incorporates two functional circuits with electromechanical and automatic elements, allowing the simulation of star-delta starting and the most common failures that can occur during the process.