Caracterización de macroinvertebrados acuáticos como bioindicadores mediante índices para evaluar la calidad del agua en el rio Coca parroquia San José de Guayusa.

Abstract

This research was carried out with the objective characterizing the aquatic macroinvetebrates in the Coca River, San José de Guayusa parish, Orellana province. There reference points were taken considering the Environmental Impact Study (EIS) from Wastewater Treatment Plant in this parish developed in 2012, where the PMM1_CR (Point of collected Coca river) it was performed in the point discharge, in PMM2_CR 1.500m upstream, and PMM3_CR 500m downstream; each point was performed 10 replicates; To take the samples was used a Red Surber, 30 x 30 cm., with a mesh eye of 0.5 to 1mm., entomological tweezers, white background tray, and others. Once the samples were obtained counting the macroinvertebrates with the aid of a stereo-microscope Snell, with magnifications of 4 x 10 x, were classified by families for the valuation. With the results obtained and after the respective analysis it was obtained that for the BMWP index in 1 (PMM1_CR) and inpoint 2 (PMM2_CR) the water quality is OK, in point 3 (PMM3_CR) the water quality turned out to be CRITICAL, this may be due to the presence of anthropogenic activities, which affect microhabitats. Applying the EPT index in which the presence of species belonging to the orders EphemeropteraPlecoptera-Trichoptera determine that the water quality at the three points (PMM1_CR, PMM2_CR, PMM3_CR) sampled is GOOD. : Ptilodactylidae, Gomphidae, Perlidae, Hydrobiosidae, due to their high sensibility to disturbances are recommended for future monitoring.