Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico y cinco niveles de fertilización en dos variedades de cebada maltera (Hordeum vulgare l.) en Tunshi, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

This work poses to evaluate the agronomic behavior and the response of five fertilization levels of two improved barley (Hordeum vulgare L) varieties, and it was conducted at Tunshi, Licto parish, Riobamba canton, Chimborazo province. A completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications for each one of the barley varieties — Scarlett and Cañicapa 2003 — were used. The treatments (T) were as follows: A) 0 kg N/ha – 0 kg P/ha – 0 kg K/ha (T0), B) 50 kg N/ha – 50 kg P/ha – 10 kg K/ha (T1), C) 60 kg N/ha – 60 kg P/ha – 20 kg K/ha (T2), D) 70 kg N/ha – 70 kg P/ha – 30 kg K/ha (T3), and E) 80 kg N/ha – 80 kg P/ha – 40 kg K/ha (T4). The Scarlett variety became better adapted to Tunshi’s agro-ecological and climate conditions, since its agronomic behavior presented the following: tillering days, physiological maturity days, number of tillers that produce spikes, plant height, harvesting days, number of grains per spike, number of grains per plant, grain weight, 1 000- seed weight and yield ¬— it produced 2 498 Kg/ha more than Cañipaca 2003. The best level of fertilization was 80 kg N/ha – 80 kg P/hg – 40 kg K/ha for the two varieties. For the Scarlett variety, the best benefit-cost relationship was gotten by adding 80 kg N, 80 kg P, 40 kg K and 104.76% and 2.05. For the Cañipaca 2003 variety, the best yield and benefit cost relationship were gotten by adding 50 Kg N, 50 kg P, 10 kg K and 43.06% and 1.43. Key words: AGRONOMIC EVALUATION – LEVELS OF FERTILIZATION – VARIETIES OF BARLEY.