Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la parroquia “Vuelta Larga” del cantón Esmeraldas.

Abstract

The objective was to design a wastewater treatment system for the "Vuelta Larga" parish of Esmeraldas canton. A physical, chemical and biological characterization of the water was carried out with the objective of knowing, which parameters are out the limits according to the TULSMA, the same which are: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 448 mg / L, Biological Oxygen Demand (DBO5) 150 mg / L, Total Nitrogen 64 mg / L, Faecal Coliforms 1.7*105 CFU / 100mL and Total Coliforms 280000 2.8*105 CFU / 100mL. For its corresponding treatment a natural coagulant obtained from the leaf of Tuna was used, in such a way that chemical agents can be replaced in large part, the ideal dose was 3.5 ml of Tuna solution plus a drop of Aluminium Polychloride (PAC) as assistant; good removal percentages were achieved COD 78.12%, BOD5 58%, Total Nitrogen 89.06%, Faecal Coliforms 100%, Total Coliforms 100% and Turbidity 85.47% evidencing that the treatment is feasible. According to the developed treatability, a structured treatment system is proposed in the following way: a rectangular channel, grids, an equalizer, a flocculator coagulator, a rectangular settler and a filter, in such a way that each one of the parameters established by the TULSMA environmental regulations is fulfilled.