Diseño de un sistema de absorción de polvos para la planta de pisos de la empresa Ecuacerámica de la ciudad de Riobamba.

Abstract

The current graduation work is based on the design of a dust extraction system for the floor tiles manufacturing process at Ecuacerámica Company from Riobamba, specifically for the transport and storage of raw material. Within the different sub-processes for manufacturing floor tiles are: dosage, milling and atomizing, this helps us having granulated with a humidity of 5% approximately. This product is put on conveying belts and then stored in silos, this part of the process is considered as the most important. The current technical work is carried out to avoid the dispersion of ceramic dust produced during the transport of raw material from the atomizer to the silos in order not to have any health problem with the workers. The dust collection from both floor and walls (environment dust) helps diminish its dispersion. For collecting the environment dust, it is necessary to implement a focused dust extraction system. The starting point for the design of each extraction system component is the data collection regarding to the amount of environmental dust generated in the field; with this value it was possible to calculate the gross-dust flow. The dimension of each system element was determined based on ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) international norm, this guaranties appropriate technical specifications that help obtaining high efficiency when handling and retaining the pollutant. As a result, the dimensions of each element of the focused extraction system were obtained to guaranty the reduction of accumulated dust in the field. The modeling of each element of the extraction system was carried out with the use of SOLIDWORKS software. Then it was necessary to go on with the simulation of the air bag filter system with the use of ANSYS specialized software to observe the trajectory of the air-flow lines and the deposit of the material in the discharge chamber of the dust collector. The aspects mentioned before assure the functionality and implementation of the system proposed by Ecuacerámica Company in the floor plant.