Monitoreo de la tasa de dosis equivalente ambiental en procedimientos intervencionistas en el Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to estimate the equivalent environmental dose rate in interventional procedures of the Hemodynamics and Imaging units of the "Carlos Andrade Marín Specialties Hospital" for the improvement of the radiological protection of occupationally exposed personnel. The coronary angioembolization and cerebral angioembolization procedures were replicated using an anthropomorphic phantom that simulates the patient. For the estimation of the equivalent dose rate an ionization chamber gas detector was used, which was located at different distances around the phantom, using the radiological technique and specific angulation for each procedure. As a result, it obtained that the highest equivalent dose rates at the lens level for angulation of the left and right anterior 30º oblique X-ray tube was 1,941 mSv/h and 1,276 mSv/h respectively, at anteroposterior 0º angulation of 1,335 mSv/h; at the chest level, the dose rates were 4,386 mSv/h, 4,615 mSv/h and 3,386 mSv/h for angles of 30º (anterior left and right oblique) and Oº respectively; values that are within the permissible limits recommended by the Commission International Radiological Protection. By establishing the dispersion cloud within the intervention rooms it was possible to determine reference areas, so that the staff receives doses lower than 20 mSv/year, leaving: the area with hot spots (red) the dose represents 40 %, the orange zone 10 %, the yellow zone 5 % and the green zone doses below 3 % of the permissible limit. It is recommended that personnel working in the hemodynamic area use the left anterior oblique angulation more frequently because the dose rates are lower than the right angulation and that they try to be in the orange zone.