Elaboración de un jabón líquido a base de saponinas de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa willd).

Abstract

The aim of this experimental work was to produce a liquid soap based on quinoa saponins (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). The extraction of saponins from the quinoa was carried out by means of hydroalcoholic mixtures of water/ethanol, the obtained saponins were subjected to a purification process, subsequently an analysis by means of liquid chromatography was carried out in order to determine the concentration of saponins obtained from the extract, then ten formulations using mixtures of surfactants: Texapón and Comperlan (registered trademarks), betaines and saponins were designed. From the best formulation obtained, variations in the concentration of saponins were made. Three formulations were made with different concentrations, these formulations were subjected to quality control, organoleptic (appearance, color, odor, sedimentation) and physicochemical (viscosity, pH, density) tests. The formulations were subjected to accelerated stability tests at 40 degrees Celsius and RH 75% for 15 days. At the end of the accelerated stability studies, the physicochemical and organoleptic parameters of the formulations were analyzed, formulations one and two were chosen because they presented optimal conditions in physicochemical and organoleptic parameters, and a microbiological examination of the formulations that were selected as the best was performed. It was shown that the product was free of microorganisms. Production cost analysis was carried out in order to determine the feasibility of making a liquid soap based on quinoa saponins. In conclusion, a liquid soap with different concentrations of saponins was obtained, the antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties that saponins present, confer an added value to the final product. It is recommended to carry out toxicity tests on liquid soap and to publicize the benefits of saponins and their economic use.