Diseño de un equipo para la obtención de dióxido de titanio a partir de las arenas ferrotitaníferas

Abstract

The design of equipment was carried out to obtain titanium dioxide TiO2 from the ferrotitaniferous sands located in the province of Esmeraldas, in San Lorenzo. The information of the raw material was obtained through physical and chemical characterization. The experiments to obtain TiO2 were carried out using the chlorine method on a laboratory scale to obtain the optimal conditions of the process. The chlorine method was chosen to obtain TiO2, this consists of three sub-processes which are leaching with hydrochloric acid, hydrolysis with ammonium hydroxide and calcination. For these processes carried out in the laboratory, the best conditions were chosen for the design of the equipment: temperature 100 degrees Celsius, reaction time 6 hours, 250 revolutions per minute, the acid concentration of 37%, amount of acid 200 ml, amount of base 25 ml, hydrolysis time 3 hours at 95 degrees Celsius and calcination time 1 hour at 900 degrees Celsius. After the experiments carried out, good results were obtained in the product obtained from TiO2 that reaches a purity of 98.4%. The design of equipment was made for each of the sub-processes, for the leaching a batch reactor was designed that works at 100 degrees Celsius, for the thermal hydrolysis a second reactor was designed with the same characteristics as the first one that works at 95 degrees Celsius. Finally, for the calcination, a muffle furnace was designed that reaches 900 degrees Celsius.