Caracterización estática agroeconómica del cultivo de tomate riñón (Lycopersicum esculentum mill), producido en invernadero, para la sostenibilidad de las familias campesinas de la parroquia Yaruquíes, cantón Riobamba, Provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the social, ecological and economic sustainability, according to the target population of 34 observational units - greenhouses, with extensions from 0 to 1000m2, between 1001m2 and 2000m2 and from 2001m2 onwards, grouped in 3 strata A, B and C; and with 34 producers where structured surveys were applied under the criteria of the characterization of the ecosystems of the tomato kidney crop produced in greenhouses; financial evaluation, and elaboration of the proposal of sustainable strategies for the production of tomato kidney produced in greenhouses of the Yaruquíes parish. Once the results were analyzed, it was determined that the social productivity is 2.34 resulting >1, which determines that socially it is sustainable; calculated ecological productivity is 0.64% compared to the yield of 22.63kg/m2 determining that few resources are being used to produce a considerable amount in an area of 1m2, therefore there is ecological sustainability; while the economic productivity amounts to 1,21 dollars which is >1, giving way to a sustainable economy of the production of tomato kidney in greenhouses; by means of the financial analysis on the strata A, B and C, the data of the % of the IRR of the strata against the rate of interest PYMES that is of 11,85% or 12%, determined that the production of tomato kidney under greenhouses from 1588m2 corresponding to the strata B and C, are economically viable; being verified the hypothesis in two scenarios as they are: Ex ante analysis and ex post analysis, using the Student T method for averages of two paired samples, it is determined that there is an improvement on the three financial indicators with both conventional agronomic management and agroecological management of tomato kidney crop, accepting the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) as true.