Investigación acerca de la efectividad en el desarrollo de aplicaciones y dispositivos en el campo tecnológico usando materiales basados en grafeno contra el virus Sars-cov-2 (Covid-19)

Abstract

The aim of this research work was to compare and study the effectiveness of graphene-based or graphene-derived devices for the detection of SARS-COV-2, taking into consideration the extraordinary physicochemical and electronic properties of this nanomaterial. An extensive investigation was carried out to analyse how graphene and its derivatives can be used in biomedical devices, biosensors to detect viruses. The structure, mode of infection and characteristics of the coronavirus were also analysed, mode of infection and characteristics of coronavirus type 2 were also analysed. We used 137 academic sources of reliable information, most of them indexed publications in high impact journals, and complementary bibliographic material. Seven devices reported in scientific articles were selected to filter the information, six published in 2020 and one in 2021. For characterise and study the effectiveness of each one of them, six parameters were established: type of graphene, detection time, detection limit, number of analytes detected and cost. With these indicators allowed an analysis to be carried out in which the device developed by Caltech researchers was identified as the most efficient, this laser-etched graphene sensor with six electrodes, which can obtain information from serum or saliva samples in a record time of less than 10 minutes and with low detection limits; Furthermore, it can detect four analytes in a single assay. It is concluded that graphene and its derivatives are emerging nanomaterials, indispensable in the biomedical field thanks to their molecular structure, physical and electronic properties. It is recommended that a database be developed to filter the information. With the information collected, a scientific article was published, which is indicated in the annexes. is indicated in the annexes of this undergraduate thesis.