Descripción anatómica de cinco especies de importancia forestal, procedentes del bosque Secundario perteneciente a la comunidad Bella Esperanza en la parroquia General Farfán, cantón Lago agrio, provincia de Sucumbíos.

Abstract

This research aimed to describe the anatomical and organoleptic characteristics of five species of forest importance, Calycophyllum spruceanum, Ocotea longifolia, Dacryodes peruviana, Jacaranda copaia, Caryodendron orinocense; in addition to knowing which one is the best plant. For this, the forest was visited, and the selected species were georeferenced. A small sample of leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds was extracted, these ones were individually placed on a double sheet of newspaper on a wooden press. A piece of wood was also dimensioned for the organoleptic study. Data on color, odor, flavor, brightness, grain, texture and marbling were recorded through the exclusive use of the senses. The Munsell table was used to describe the color. Cubes of 2 cm of edge were dimensioned in the study of the microscopic characteristics. These ones were put into glass bottles with 150 ml of distilled water and placed in the autoclave for a cycle of approximately one hour. The cycle depends on the hardness of the wood. After this, the samples were taken to the microtome to make the histological sections with a thickness of 0.3μ, for staining Safranin, Astrablue and the combination of the two were used in a 1: 1 ratio. The organoleptic characteristics of all the species differed from each other and in the anatomical characteristics, all of them had solitary pores and multiple pores; the parenchyma was different for each species, whereas the porosity was the same in all of them. It was concluded that the best staining was the combination because it allowed to observe structures well differentiated.