Gestión preventiva de riesgos ergonómicos aplicando la metodología ROSA en los trabajadores del área administrativa del GAd Municipal del cantón Guaranda

Abstract

The objective of this curricular integration work was to carry out preventive management of ergonomic risks in the administrative area of the Autonomous Decentralized Municipal Government of Guaranda canton, which consists of nine directorates of the municipality, in order to improve the working conditions of each of the workers, generating a safe and more productive working environment. The development of the work began with the evaluation of the jobs, using the INSHT (Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo) matrix to identify the risks to which workers are exposed. Of the total risks identified, 46% correspond to ergonomic risks, 28% to physical risks and 26% to mechanical risks; subsequently, the ROSA (Rapid Office Strain Assessment) methodology was applied to evaluate an office workstation, obtaining that 68% of the population evaluated is exposed to a high level of ergonomic risk, 20% to a very high level of risk, and 12% to a level of risk that could be improved. It is concluded that the majority of musculoskeletal disorders occur due to incorrect ergonomic postures and incorrect distribution of office furniture. Based on the results obtained, a proposal was established consisting of the design of a preventive management plan for the reduction of ergonomic risks, which shows the preventive and corrective measures through the creation of a manual for the use of office equipment and a procedure manual for active breaks to mitigate the problems related to this type of disorders. Therefore, it is recommended to consider the technical criteria for the use of the different office equipment in accordance with the manuals and the implementation of active breaks to mitigate these problems.