Análisis de la contaminación de aceites lubricantes en alcantarillas de talleres y lubricadores automotrices en la ciudad de Riobamba

Abstract

This research objective was to analyze the contamination of lubricating oils through a test that determines the degree of pollution in the water of the automotive workshops and lubricators in the city of Riobamba to design a system that allows its purification. For the identification of the degree of contamination of the water, the gravimetric method was used through the use of Hexane, a reagent that was added to the samples to separate the oil from the water. Then the weight of the empty container was measured, and then the container with the liquid to determine the amount of recovered oil measured in g/l. In addition, the densimeter and the viscometer were used to analyze the physical properties of the samples to check if there were changes in their original properties. Therefore, it was obtained that 40% of the samples had a high amount of oil. The highest is 51.13 g/l density. It was obtained that 50% of the oil samples with water have a value of 0.865 g/l. cm3, which is close to the value of the density of water. Finally, in the viscometer, a large amount of water was found in 1 drop of oil. It was concluded that the water has a high percentage of fat, so that it can be harmful to health, but thanks to the designed prototype, the quality of the water that leaves the workshops towards the sewers can be improved. It is recommended for this investigation to have the exact amount of the reagent since there is a control.