Evaluación de la fluctuación de Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. y las palomillas en cultivos establecidos de Solanum tuberosum L. en Guayarapata, El Calvario, San Isidro, Tungurahua.

Abstract

The objective of this research work was to evaluate the fluctuation of paratrioza and moths in established potato crops in three localities of the Tungurahua province. For this purpose, it was carried out a total of 10 data collections from July 23 to September 24, 2021, where the altitudinal grade of each locality was also considered. It was used yellow monochromatic traps to sample and determine the fluctuation of paratrioza in its adult stage, one for each locality. For its egg and nymph stage, destructive sampling was conducted by collecting a leaf composed of six random plants. Finally, to evaluate the fluctuation of moths, traps with sex pheromones were used for each species. For the population analysis, it was used a variant of the completely randomized block design. Then it was determined that for paratrioza the fluctuation in Guayarapata with 28 eggs, 26 nymphs, and two adults is similar to El Calvario with 28 eggs, 31 nymphs, and 0 adults, unlike San Isidro, which only registered four eggs, one nymph, and 0 adults. The population fluctuation of the moth concerning the species T. solanivora was registered in 15 individuals in Guayarapata, 4 in El Calvario, and 9 in San Isidro, and to P. operculella, 88 individuals were registered in Guayarapata, 19 in El Calvario, and 13 in San Isidro. It was concluded that the altitudinal gradient intervenes in the fluctuation since the altitude increases and the climatic conditions change, therefore, the requirements for the development of these individuals will not be the same in the different localities. It is recommended to carry out further studies of this type at different altitudinal levels.