Determinación del metodo de riego mas eficiente y ajuste del (KC) mediante lisimetria en el cultivo de arveja (Pisum sativum L.) var. Quantum en la estación experimental Tunshi.

Abstract

The objective of this research work was to determine the most efficient irrigation method and crop coefficient adjustment (kc) in the pea crop (Pisum sativum L) var. Quantum by lysimetry at the Tunshi experimental station. It was included a complete randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications, T1 sprinkler, T2 drip, T3 gravity, and T4 control for determining irrigation efficiency, and a lysimeter block of three repetitions with drip to adjust the kc. Biometric data were taken as plant height, stem diameter, a number of leaves, stomatal conductance before and after irrigation, water stress before and after irrigation every 20 days, as well as relative water content, plant, and pod dry matter, green and blue water footprint, yield in Kg/ha and finally the volume of water applied. The application efficiency was obtained by applying the uniformity coefficient formula for drip and sprinkler in gravity with the infiltrated and drained volume, for the adjustment of the kc the duration of the phenological stages was determined, the crop evapotranspiration (Etc), and the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) were obtained by calculating the input and output volume dividing by the area of each lysimeter. The irrigation method that presented the highest yield was drip irrigation with 18 T/ha, the lowest water footprint with 207.02 L/kg, and application efficiency of 93.77 %, and the Kc values were 0.4, 1.0, 1.1, 0.7 for the beginning, development, intermediate, and final stages, respectively. It is concluded that the most effective irrigation method for the pea crop is drip irrigation. It is recommended to use the data obtained to optimize water use and yield.