Estudio de síndrome metabólico en escolares y adolescentes de 10 a 18 años con sobrepeso, obesidad para proponer una herramienta de tamizaje nutricional en el Hospital General Latacunga. Periodo 2021.

Abstract

The objective of the research work was to study the metabolic syndrome in school children and adolescents from 10 to 18 years old who were overweight and obese to propose a nutritional screening tool at the Latacunga General Hospital. The type of research was analytical, descriptive and the design used was non-experimental and cross-sectional in a population of 118 adolescents between 10 and 18 years of age. The information was obtained through the review of the clinical history, and the SPSS version 25 program was used to determine the parametric behavior of the data, then a statistical analysis was carried out based on the Kruskal Wallis Test with a value of significant p < 0.05 and the Principal Components Design was used with descriptive and inferential analysis. In the results, the group studied presented an age range between 14 and 17 years; 89% of the group had an altered waist circumference; 51.69% had normal triglycerides. In relation to glucose, blood pressure and HDL cholesterol, it was found in normal ranges. The variable age and weight show statistically significant differences in relation to overweight and obesity, the excess waist circumference was present in almost the entire study group. Due to these aspects and the importance of identifying them in a timely manner, a nutritional screening tool is proposed based on general aspects, anthropometric values and clinical values, it was considered important in case of screening as a risk to confirm with biochemical values, this tool presents validity of its content according to the evaluation by expert judgment. The design of this tool will contribute to the timely identification of risk factors that lead to Metabolic Syndrome, a situation that will reduce costs to institutions and improve the quality of life of patients.