Diseño, construcción y automatización de un calentador solar como sistema complementario para una piscina de 360 metros cúbicos de agua

Abstract

The objective of this project was to design, build and automate a solar thermal system for a pool of 360 cubic meters of water, with the use of solar energy through solar collectors that use renewable energy for its operation. The best option of solar collectors was determined considering its efficiency, profitability and ease of installation in a pool of 360 cubic meters of water, taking into account that there are different types such as: flat plate, vacuum tubes, parabolic. In the countries that have implemented these technologies, they have given excellent results, however, it was verified if the conditions of the place are ideal for their application, with variables such as: hours of sunshine, climate, relative humidity, ambient temperature, etc. For the application of the project, the construction and implementation of the solar thermal system of flat plate collectors was carried out in the sector of Rio Verde de Baños de Agua Santa in the province of Tungurahua, Ecuador, the climatic factors of the area are unpredictable, with sunny, cloudy and rainy days. The feasibility of the project and the reduction of operating costs were analyzed, finally the solar thermal system was automated to optimize the operation and to be able to control the outlet temperature, with a type K thermocouple and a PID controller (Rex C-100) which activates a 0.5 HP hydraulic pump when the temperature reaches 40 degrees Celsius. It is concluded that to recover the investment of the solar thermal system project, it takes approximately two years and two months with an installation cost of 1715.6 dollars and the approximate savings is 786.24 dollars per year. Regular maintenance of flat plate panels is recommended to ensure their performance.