Desarrollo de un Proceso Tecnológico para la Obtención de Briquetas de Aserrín de Madera y Cascarilla de Arroz, y Pruebas de Producción de Gas Pobre.

Abstract

A Technological Process for the Obtainment of Sawdust briquettes and Rice husk briquettes with which poor gas tests are carried out, is developed. The process is focused on the use of forestry industry and agricultural residues, which constitute contamination and pest propagation means looking for a future energy application in industries where they can be used. The briquettes are made of binder, through the developed process, and are characterized by the Colombian norm INCOTEC NTC-2060. They have a cylindrical form with the following dimensions: 0,07 m exterior diameter, 0,017 m interior diameter and 0,08 m long. The production tests are carried out with different types and percentages of binders; the best results are obtained for a composition of 10% white glue with 90% sawdust, and 4% cassava starch with 96% rice husk. These briquettes are subjected to different tests, among which there is the crushing resistance (1910,34 N sawdust and 1933,87 N rice husk), higher calorific value (28,41 MJ/kg sawdust and 16,92 MJ/kg rice husk). Gasification tests are carried out obtaining successful results but due to economic limitations and lack of appropriate laboratories at the ESPOCH, the real characteristics and properties of the poor gas cannot be evaluated; they are scientifically determined. The calorific value of briquettes is higher than the poor gas calorific value; this is the reason why it is not feasible energetically to gasify sawdust briquettes and rice husk briquettes. It is recommended to develop briquettes combustion systems in a direct way.