Evaluación del nivel de contaminación del agua y elaboración de una propuesta de mitigación en el canal de riego Chambo-Guano, bloque 2.

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the level of contamination of the Chambo – Guano irrigation canal, block 2. Three phases were carried out: identification of the study area through a tour in the irrigation canal, the samples collected to obtain data on water quality analysis were obtained from Point 1 neighborhood Maria Auxiliadora and point 2 TB 11, water analysis which provided information on the 34 parameters physical (pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, hardness), chemical (chlorides, calcium, magnesium, sulfates, nitrates, nitrites, iron, fluoride, phosphate, aluminum, manganese, arsenic, cadmium, zinc, nickel, chromium VI, copper, lead, organophosphates, organochlorides) and biological (total solids, organic matter, oils and fats). At the same time, the values obtained were compared to the regulations of the Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation, TULSMA, book VI, and at the end of the research, a mitigation plan was developed to determine the possible causes of the contamination by a participatory workshop. As a result, four parameters were found to be outside the permissible limits, namely bicarbonates with 142.8 mg/L, iron 0.58 mg/L, oils and fats with <0.1 mg/L and faecal coliforms with 2600 CFU/100mL for point 1, on the other hand, for point 2, bicarbonates with 153 mg/L, phosphates 1,13 mg/L, iron 0,51 mg/L, oils and fats with <0,1 mg/L and faecal coliforms with 4300 CFU/100mL. Wastewater discharge, use of agrochemicals and accumulation of solid waste are the possible causes of contamination. It is concluded that the water of block 2 is used for agricultural purposes, but a mitigation plan must be carried out with the 7 programs described in the present research to reduce the contamination rates.