Análisis estadístico exploratorio funcional de la Radiación Gamma en la provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

This research work sought to analyze the behavior of the gamma radiation dose rate present in the environment, in the province of Chimborazo. Functional methodology through R was used, both to identify missing and atypical observations alongside optimal smoothing, as well as to characterize their behavior. The data were sampled by the Research and Development Group for the Environment and Climate Change (GIDAC) of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH) in: Guano, Alausí, Chambo, Chunchi, Colta, Cumandá, Guamote, Guano, Pallatanga, Penipe and Riobamba during June, July and August of the year 2021. The data validation was done through an intense exploration of atypical data, through 4 methods, anomalous curves were identified in all the cantons, with the exception of Guamote. In descriptive analysis of functional data, it was shown that the gamma radiation dose rate in Colta, Alausí, Guamote, Guano and Riobamba, have a wider average curve than the rest of the cantons. The Cumandá canton presented a lower dose interval than the rest. It is concluded that the standard deviation introduced a clear idea in the behavior of the gamma radiation dose rate, identifying slight variability in all the cantons except Guamote. The cluster analysis allowed to identify similar characteristics of each canton. Colta, Guano, Pallatanga and Riobamba presented levels of [0.06, 0.08] Sv, these being the highest, while the lowest were [0.02, 0.04] Sv in Cumandá and Guamote. Cumandá and Pallatanga showed doses. The functional ANOVA at 95% reliability identified significant differences between the means of cluster 1 (Cumandá and Pallatanga) and the next two, which is assumed to be due to the geographical and climatic characteristics of these two cantons.